An examination of Patriarchy in Mary Shellys Frankenstein.

Elizabeth, the Monster and Patriarchy. In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein, some blatant parallels are made between Dr. Frankensteins adopted sister, Elizabeth, and the monster he created. Both of these innocent creatures, together represent all of mankind in their similarities and differences, Elizabeth being the picture of womanhood and goodness, the monster representing manhood and evil. Both Elizabeth and the monster belong to and structure their lives in terms of Dr. Frankenstein, leading to overall destruction and, ultimately demonstrating the dangerous properties of patriarchy, which Dr. Frankenstein embodies. Dr. Frankenstein begins his narrative, most logically, in telling the story of his childhood. Dr. Victor Frankensteins†¦show more content†¦During the time in which Dr. Frankenstein is away from home, studying in the University, he receives a multitude of letters from the longing Elizabeth, and replies to none. Elizabeth remains at home in Switzerland, fulfilling her womanly duties to the Frankenstein family, her only hope for future happiness lies in her marriage with Victor, for she is nothing without him. The power that Dr. Frankenstein holds over Elizabeth has striking similarities to the dynamic of power he described as desiring over his creations. The pattern of neglect that Frankenstein demonstrates first with Elizabeth, then with the monster does not seem to phase their unconditional, and unreasonable, love for him. Dr. Frankenstein does not think of Elizabeth as an equal, for she is a woman, and he does not think of the monster as even a man, for he created him. Within a Patriarchy, the government feels justified in its neglectful actions for it feels itself better than the women and low lifes over which it rules. Just as a population allows their government to proceed with its cruel deeds without question, so do Elizabeth and the monster initially turn a blind eye to the evil acts of Dr. Frankenstein. Elizabeth and the monster are not only similar in their actions relative to Dr. Frankenstein, but both seem to occupy quite the opposite end of the spectrum of humanity.

Evaluation Of Academic Performance Action Plan - 1298 Words

Action Plan Academic Performance Action Plan My academic performance goal for my Senior year is to maintain a GPA of 3.5. To achieve that, I have determined myself to achieve as minimum grades, two B+ and three A- for this semester and for Spring and Fall of 2017. So far, I have performed quite well on my exams and projects this semester. However, on one class I barely passed my first exam with a 70 even though I felt I was prepared to obtain a much better grade. Therefore, to achieve my goal of maintaining a GPA of 3.5, I’m tasked with preparing one week in advance for the exams on this particular course to achieve at least a final grade of B. In addition to that, I found that completing the assignments even a month before they were due helped me clear my schedule and allowed me more time to do research on internship opportunities. To determine if I have achieved a significative progress in maintaining a GPA above 3.5, I will join Beta Gamma Sigma on Spring 2017 and remain part of it until I graduate. In addition, I’ll change my studying technique for exams and prepare a week prior to the tests. I will be able to determine the effectiveness of such technique if I’m able to obtain at least an 80 on the second exam for the course I’m having difficulty with this semester. For next year, I will also apply the same approach of completing assignments a month before to clear up my schedule and focus time on improving my performance on the courses I could be struggling with.Show MoreRelatedSelf-Regulated Learning850 Words   |  4 Pagescognitive and motivational processes during academic tasks.† (Ness and Middleton, 2011, p. 268). The three-phase cycle includes planning, performance, and self-evaluation. 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Research Methodology and Empirical Evidence MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Research Methodology and Empirical Evidence. Answer: Introduction: In accordance to 9995-1 ITAA95, basically an Australian resident is considered to be a person who is a resident for the aim of the ITAA36 tin that for individuals it must contain the four characteristics; resident test, 183-day test, domicile and permanent place abide test and Commonwealth superannuation test (Coulton, and Ruddock, 2011). Income tax is considered to be the main revenue source in Australian taxation system as it can be charged from three distinct sources for personal taxpayers that are individual income that includes salaries, income from business and the capital gains. The income taxes are collected by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO), and taxation rates for resident individual taxpayers differ from non-resident taxpayers. In reference to Kits case, this aspect will determine and deliberate whether he is an Australian resident and how his investment income and salary should be imposed to tax. Kit residential status is evaluated for calculating the personal tax liability on his earned income during the financial year (Evans, and Tran-Nam, 2012). For evaluation of the residential status in Australia, the residential test is realized, and consequently, residential status is evaluated for tax purpose. The tests to be used are described below- If a person is residing in Australia he will be considered as a Resident for the purpose of taxation, and all his or her income will be taxed in Australia only, and no other test is required to be utilized for the same. If a person is not fulfilling the above circumstance, then a second test will be applied. In accordance with this aspect, if any person fulfills any of the three test provided below then he will be deliberated as a resident of Australia. Domicile Test- Under this particular test if you are a permanent resident in Australia then you will be considered as a resident of Australia until it is verified that your permanent residence is outside Australia (Tran-Nam, Evans, Walpole, and Ritchie, 2014). Residing Days test- In this test, any individual living in Australia for more than 183 days, either frequently or with breaks then he or she will be deliberated as a beneficial resident of Australia till it is verified that there is no intent of occupying a house in Australia (Greenville, Pobke, and Rogers, 2012). Superannuation Test- Under this particular test all people who are workers of Australian Government and are sent abroad are treated as a resident of Australia regardless of their place of residence. Basing on the above tests, Kit is the permanent resident of Australia and Chile as he was hired in Australia and employed off the Indonesian coast. He had procured home in Australia and both his children and wife live there (Norbury, 2011). Kit gets monthly off duty from his work each third month. During his holidays he often meets his family either in Chile or Australia. Determination of Kits residential status Residency test: Even though Kit is Australian citizen but he is not physically present or residing in Australia for the period as needed. So for Taxation purpose, Kit will not be deliberated as an Australian resident through this test (Woellner, Barkoczy, Murphy, Evans, and Pinto, 2011). Superannuation test: Under this particular test, if a person is employed by the government of Australia and he is sent to work outside Australia, he will be treated as an Australian resident (Oats, 2012). Even though Kit is employed in Australia but his employer is not the Government of Australia, the basic condition is not fulfilled by Kit and he will be taken as an Australian non-resident. Domicile test: This particular test relates to the permanent residency of a person. If the permanent residency of a person is in Australia then he will be taken as Australian resident (Hall, and Chikritzhs, 2011). In the provided case Kit permanent residency is in Australia that he has procured three years ago and through domicile test he is taken as a Resident. Residing day test: From this test, a person should be a resident for as a minimum of 183 days in Australia. According to this test, Kit does not satisfy this test as he does did not reside for 183 days continuously. Even though Kit does not fulfill the basic condition of being a resident, he has satisfied domicile test thus making him recognized as an Australian resident (Moretto, Kendall, Whitty, Hills, Gordon, Turkstra, Scuffham, and Comans, 2014). Under this particular test, Kit was born in Chile and hold citizenship of Chile, but there is no information that is available that regards to his permanent residency in Chile. So until there is the basic satisfaction that a person has no intention of residing in Australia permanently, he will be considered as an Australian resident. In this case, Kit is an Australian resident for the purposes of taxation. Kit salary and investment income Kit received his salary from an Australian Company in his bank account directly. He is also having a joint account with his wife. Secondly, he has made some investment in Chile, and he earns dividend and interest income from the same. So for the purpose of taxation, the two types of income are considered Salary Investment Income In this case, being a resident of Australia, all the earned income during the year in any place of the world will be needed to be declared in the tax return from Australia (Norbury, 2011). Being also an Australian resident, threshold limit is allowed on the income that was earned during the financial year which implies that an individual gets the benefit of threshold limit that is permitted under the Australian tax laws. In this case, he is not required to pay up to the limit. Basing on this particular rule, as per the residency test, Kit is considered to be an Australian resident for tax purpose. For this case, being a resident of Australia, he is liable to be taxed in Australia. The salary income is received by him from an Australian employee is liable to be taxed in Australia regardless of the aspect that it is gained directly in the bank account. Kit is getting the investment income both from Chile and Australia and basing on this aspect being an Australian resident; his global income is liable to be taxed in Australia regardless of the fact of the place it is earned or located. In this case, all his investment income is considered to be taxed as per the law of Australian. Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris (Surveyor of Taxes) (1904) 5 TC 159: In this particular case, a firms main purpose was to acquire a parcel of land that basically contained copper. Conversely, the company had not extracted any copper (Norbury, 2011). In consequence, the corporation basically sold the land to another corporation and was paid with the share as the considerations. In this case, the commissioner contented that the selling of the parcel was profit in nature since the firms intent was to make revenue from the land sale. Moreover, this aspect was an ordinary case of the taxpayers trading and revenues in nature. Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188: In the incident, a corporation conducted a business transaction of extracting coal on a piece of land that it held (Whiteford, 2010). After a long period of time, the entire coal was mined out, and the firm resolute to sell the bare plot. In order to increase its salability, the firm partitioned and constructed roads and other diverse infrastructure inside it. The court of law held that the revenue from land sale was not quantifiable since the corporation was not engaging in the trade of land peddling and the firm realized the capital property to its greatest gain. In this case, the revenue was nature of capital. FC of T v Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLR: The taxpayers was a corporation registered for the aim of obtaining a region of an undeveloped parcel at Whiteford's Beach. The parcel initially access to the beach, and some people created the firm so as to obtain the property and access the beach for fishing activities. Over some time, because of a good offer that was hard to decline, all the offered capital of the buyers corporation was peddled. The new investors purchased the stakes only to gain control of the property with the intent that the owner would subdivide, improve and peddle residential plots at income (Wilkins, 2015). When the partitioned property was sold, the taxpayer contended that the revenue was not an ordinary revenue but investment in nature since it was the simple realization of the capital investment. The commissioner argued that the taxpayers were conducting a business transaction of developing land and income from land sale was assessable as an ordinary reven ue. The commissioner held that during the transfer of ownership, the intention of the land changed to subdividing, developing, and land selling rather than non-commercial venture purpose. Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC 4070:?In this situation, the taxpayers were considered to be trustees of a dead man estate. The dead man had obtained the land for farming several years ago with the intent of raising his family members and using the land for farming. After some time, the dead man sold part of his to a firm that it was controlled by members of the family (Wilkins, 2014). At this particular period, there was no purpose to resell the land at an income, and the new shareholders came in into a partnership in order keep cattle. The new enterprise did not do well, and they agree to partition and vend the property. The original owner died during the period the partitioned land was sold, and other parts were being vended after his death. The court reasoned that the sale of land was not in nature of capital and thus not assessable for ordinary revenue. Casimaty v FC of T 97 ATC 5135: In this situation, the taxpayer purchased a farming land from his dad and conducted a production industry for the subsequent twenty years. Conversely, because of the ill health and debt, the taxpayers then agree to partition and sell the larger part of the land. There were about eighteen partitions over the period of eighteen months, and the taxpayer builds water, and sewerage amenities and provided fence as part of the partition (Lanis, and Richardson, 2012). The high court argued that the revenue from the land sale of each portion of land were regular revenue and thus quantifiable on the aspect that the taxpayer was conducting a land division business. Conversely, on said, the commissioner held that the revenue from partition was a mere realization of the capital asset and not conducting land sale business as there was no evidence that the intention had changed. Crow v FC of T 88 ATC 4620: An agriculturalist rented a large sum of funds so as to buy five portions of land over a time of ten years (Norbury, 2011). The property had been utilized for some period for grazing, growing crops and farming but it was portioned eventually. Immediately after the first two years of purchase, the taxpayer sold about fifty-one plots making a revenue of US$388,288. The commissioner thought that the tax-payer was countable on the income because he was conducting a land development business transaction. In this particular case, the procurement of diverse assets and the consequent portioning and the land sale involved in transactions that were basically repetitive and systematic and had features of continuation of land development. Moana Sand Pty Ltd v FC of T 88 ATC 4897: In this situation, a parcel of land situated in Adelaide was procured by a corporation with the definite aim of working and selling sands business kind of business. The taxpayer acquired a beachside land for business and then subdivided the parcel and sold to other related parties where the coast protection board permitted it resulting in income (McGee, 2011). The commissioner held that the ordinary income obtained resulted from a distant business operation that is a profit of nature where the land was sold out hence fulfilling the vital purpose of making a profit, hence taxable. McCurry Anor v FC of T 98 ATC 4487: In this case, the taxpayer procured parcel of land that contained an old house. He demolished the house and built three houses on the same land. The houses were then advertised for sale before completion, and this was unsuccessful. Subsequently, the taxpayer together with his family moved into two houses and lived for about one year resulting in a total net profit of about US$150,000. After some time, the taxpayer bought the second land where he built houses and sold them the court of the law argued that the revenue from the land sale were ordinary quantifiable income because it resulted from commercial profit making activity (Miller, and Oats, 2016). Consequently, the taxpayer contented that the sale of houses was a mere realization of a capital asset and thus not ordinary revenue because the houses were residential that were sold out because of financial difficulties. The commissioner held that the sale of houses was ordinary assessable income b ecause the parcel was obtained with the main intention of making a profit. Bibliography Coulton, J.J. and Ruddock, C., 2011. Corporate payout policy in Australia and a test of the life?cycle theory.Accounting Finance,51(2), pp.381-407. Evans, C. and Tran-Nam, B., 2012. Managing tax system complexity: Building bridges through pre-filled tax returns. Greenville, J., Pobke, C. and Rogers, N., 2013.Trends in the Distribution of Income in Australia. Canberra: Productivity Commission. Hall, W. and Chikritzhs, T., 2011. The Australian alcopops tax revisited.The Lancet,377(9772), pp.1136-1137. Lanis, R. and Richardson, G., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and tax aggressiveness: a test of legitimacy theory.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,26(1), pp.75-100. Miller, A. and Oats, L., 2016.Principles of international taxation. Bloomsbury Publishing. McGee, R.W. ed., 2011.The ethics of tax evasion: Perspectives in theory and practice. Springer Science Business Media. Moretto, N., Kendall, E., Whitty, J., Byrnes, J., Hills, A.P., Gordon, L., Turkstra, E., Scuffham, P. and Comans, T., 2014. Yes, the government should tax soft drinks: findings from a citizens jury in Australia.International journal of environmental research and public health,11(3), pp.2456-2471. Norbury, M., 2011. The taxation of non-resident trustees: A rethink.Taxation in Australia,46(3), p.111. Norbury, M., 2014. Freezing in Australia-Is it colder than Switzerland?.Taxation in Australia,49(4), p.223. Oats, L. ed., 2012.Taxation: A fieldwork research handbook. Routledge. Wilkins, R., 2014. Evaluating the Evidence on Income Inequality in Australia in the 2000s.Economic Record,90(288), pp.63-89. Tran-Nam, B., Evans, C., Walpole, M. and Ritchie, K., 2000. Tax compliance costs: Research methodology and empirical evidence from Australia.National Tax Journal, pp.229-252. Wilkins, R., 2015. Measuring income inequality in Australia.Australian Economic Review,48(1), pp.93-102. Whiteford, P., 2010. The Australian Tax?Transfer System: Architecture and Outcomes*. Economic Record, 86(275), 528-544. Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C. and Pinto, D., 2011.Australian Taxation Law Select: legislation and commentary. CCH Australia.

Social Problem Essay Example Essay Example

Social Problem Essay Example Paper Social Problem Essay Introduction Nowadays , social problems are very serious and we should pay more attention to these problems. As a part of the community , we should be concerned about social problems. Every day we read the newspaper and get the news from media, almost every day the newspaper and the media reports are about the social problems. All sorts of social problems will appear in our surrounding , but we cannot turn a blind eye and a deaf ear. We need to find ways to solve these social problems so that the society will not be mess order. Social problems are some condition , set of events or group of persons constitutes a troublesome situation that needs to be changed or improved. Social problems are like time bomb , when it explode, it will be out of control. Social problems let us live in a pressured situation. Today’s society there are too many examples of social problems, I took a few more popular examples to explain in detail. Explain the social problems in the end how it affects the growth of o ur country and the ways of prevent to reduce the social issue. Now, we take a look at what social problems are the most popular . Social Problem Essay Body Paragraphs Firstly ,the most common and the most serious social problems in our life are gangsters. Speaking of gangsters, will make people tremble with fear. Gangsters are not limited to age, previous may be older establishment gangsters, now both primary and secondary schools also have a group of students create a own gangster within the school. They will require students to pay a protection fee , if students do not, they will use means to force students pay protection money . Gangsters may intimidation , harassment and find someone to hit the student until the student willing to pay money. As long as someone offended gangster boss or brother, the man must not be at peace. Gangsters will send someone to give warning and told the man who is the stronger one. Gangsters also smoking , fighting , make trouble and provoke others everywhere. In short , they do any bad thing, also bully the weak . New gangs also never lost on the old gang . Next, the gangs will cause the growth of our country to hav e a negative impact . These will be brought to the community a lot of unnecessary trouble and fear. So that the country would be in a very unstable state. People in other countries will be disappointedin our country, they are afraid to trade in our country and the economic will downturn . Just so that our country is greatly losses and enough to affect the development of the country . Moreover , there are several ways to prevent the establishment of gangs . The first step is whenever you see someone organization gangs immediately alarm . Second is counselors to counsel these kids . Also let the parents pay more attention to children’s behavior and trends ,and more concern for children . The second problem is traffic jams , in our country always occur the traffic problems especially during the peak time are often traffic jams . I often think that our country really is so many cars? Our country has many public transport can ride like bus and LRT . In the end is too rich or peopl e do not want to take the public transport with others or they do not want wake up early to catch the bus and LRT . In my observation , most of the vehicles are driving one in the working hours . And a family is more than owning a car . When there is the festival season , have long queues of vehicles on the road . People are required to spend half a day in the car ,it’s really a headache . Apart from that ,this problem makes our country’s poor reputation when it comes to the transportation. Foreigners evaluation of our traffic is low. Affect the ranking of our country is seriously lagging behind . This is enough to affect our reputation severely damaged . Following that ,have a problem we have to go to solve . The solution of a traffic jam is government can greatly promote the public transport and explain the advantage of using public transport . If just your colleagues or friends to the same place , that simply driving a car is enough or everyone turns driving their o wn car with a colleague or friend . As long as people are willing to comply , then the problem can be solved . The third problem that I think need to be paid more attention to is illegal immigrant. Illegal immigrants mixed the name suggests is that there is no approved . Illegal immigrants once they are caught will suffer severe punishment or be forced to exit or leave to country they are in. If the illegal immigrants think that the country is not properly managed, these immigration will be able to sneak into our country without any fear of being caught or punished . Our country has a huge and important part of responsibility and also need to ensure that there are no problems in the country due to these immigrants. Illegal immigrants seemingly innocuous, but in fact , it hurt not to be looked down upon small . Their arrival so that people reduce jobs , because their low salaries , better efficiency and the important one, they are hardworking than people in our country . The other is that they cause a lot of distress and they will rob and trouble . Many social chaos is manufactured or are cased mostly by them . We should immediately think of a way to solve this problem so that we are getting the security and tranquility. The checkpoint staff must strictly regulate immigration checkpointsand not to let them muddle through . People are urgerto pay very close attention to suspicious person around and if found, it has to be immediately notifiedto the police . Police and people ‘s cooperation are essential and vital to crack down on illegal immigrants. The fourth social problem is divorce which happens in every place around the world. There will be a divorce as long as there are men , women , and married . I really cannot figure out why people want a divorce and had chosen to marry . Although divorce is very easy , but the marriage is not child’ s play . Since the original thought of marriage , think of the consequences of divorce , do not impulse bad t hroughout life . The high divorce rate is not a good thing for a country . If the divorce rate is higher , on behalf of the people does not pay attention to the views of marriage . Marriage is a sacred thing , many people have opted for early marriage . For this reason and cause the divorce rate to improve . This country has given the impression that marriage is a failure , this once again undermines the reputation of the country . What method can reduce the divorce rate? It is up to people to their own ideas . Government should be called on the people to not be too early marriage , early marriage has a lot of potential problems . Now , society difficult and having a family is not an easy task . Marriage gave birth to the child , if divorce the child does not have a perfect family environment to grow and will leave to childhood shadow . Ultimately suffering only child . So , think about it before marriage . The fifth is environmental pollution problems , this is also the community m ost concern . Environmental pollution refersto human discharged to the environment than its self-purification capacity of substances or energy , so that the quality of the environment to reduce the phenomena of an adverse impact on the survival and development of humanity , ecosystems , and property . The most common are water pollution , air pollution , and noise pollution . Water pollution will harm to human death and directly affect the water quality of the drinking water source then produce many diseases . Furthermore , it will constrain economic development because the industrial use of water as a raw material or washing products and directly participate in the processing of products. Deterioration of the water quality will directly affect the quality of product. Water pollution for human health , agriculture , fisheries and other sideline have largely affected the development of the economy! Air pollution will affect the body health and also the impact of weather and climate . People believe that climate change may cause a variety of air pollutants , carbon dioxide has a significant role in . The content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere according to the current rate of increase continues , after a number of years will make the north and south ends of the ice melting , leading to global climate anomalies . Noise pollution will damage to the hearing of the human body . The worse case can cause deafness. Noise can induce a variety of diseases . The impact of noise on sleep great , people even in sleep , hearing , have to bear the noise stimulus . It will distract people ’ s attention , leading to unresponsive , fatigue , decreased work efficiency and error rate rise . So, we must not underestimate the importance of these three pollution damaged. It must find a way to prevent . Prevention and treatment methods for all pollution is severely punished or give warning to them . Noise prevention measures is to minimize the sound decibel value or use sou nd – absorbing , sound insulation , noise barrier isolation and other measures . For air pollution is reducing emissions of pollutants and afforestation . There is also a most important is to start with ourselves . Do not throw waste , the perfect city is everyone ’s responsibility . Lastly , the way of preventing water pollution is before we drink the water , we boiled or filter it . We also can actively promote â€Å"clean production† . Clean production to change the existing unsustainable methodsof raw material and energy consumption , to encourage sustainable production using non- toxic products . Of course , our government should control our environment . Cannot just verbally agreed to without action because protecting the environment is everyone ‘s responsibility . As a conclusion , all these issues makes me feel , is social change or human nature has changed . Only human indifference , will bring up this society today . We can really make it cool tr eatment? Our society is reduced to a point where it is we want to do? The first condition is the protection of society the people must lead by example . In fact , as long as everyone concerted effort to make a change, it certainly can . If everyone changed , then the social will peaceful . I sincerely hope we can do this ! 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An Insight Into Virtual Reality Virtual Reality Is A Creation Of A Hig

An Insight Into Virtual Reality Virtual Reality is a creation of a highly interactive computer based multimedia environment in which the user becomes a participant with the computer in a "virtually real" world We are living in an era characterized by 3D virtual systems created by computer graphics. In the concept called Virtual Reality (VR), the virtual reality engineer is combining computer, video, image-processing, and sensor technologies so that a human can enter into and react with spaces generated by computer graphics. In 1969-70, a MIT scientist went to the University of Utah, where he began to work with vector generated graphics. He built a see-through helmet that used television screens and half-silvered mirrors, so that the environment was visible through the TV displays. It was not yet designed to provide a surrounding environment. It was not until the mid '80's that virtual reality systems were becoming more defined. The AMES contract started i n 1985, came up with the first glove in February 1986. The glove is made of thin Lycra and is fitted with 15 sensors that monitor finger flexion, extension, hand position and orientation. Connected to a computer through fiber optic cables. Sensor inputs enable the computer to generate an on screen image of the hand that follows the operator's hand movements. The glove also has miniature vibrators in the finger tips to provide feedback to the operator from grasped virtual objects. Therefore, driven by the proper software, the system allows the operator to interact by grabbing and moving a virtual object within a simulated room, while experiencing the "feel" of the object. The virtual reality line includes the Datasuit and the Eyephone. The Datasuit is an instrumented full-body garment that enables full-body interaction with a computer constructed virtual world. In one use, this product is worn by film actors to give realistic movement to animated characters in computer generated spec ial effects. The Eyephone is a head mounted stereo display that shows a computer made virtual world in full color and 3D. The Eyephone technology is based on an experimental Virtual Interface Environment Workstation (VIEW) design. VIEW is a head-mounted stereoscopic display system with two 3.9 inch television screens, one for each eye. The display can be a computer generated scene or a real environment sent by remote video cameras. Sound effects delivered to the headset increase the realism. It was intended to use the glove and software for such ideas as a surgical simulation, or "3D virtual surgery" for medical students. In the summer of 1991, US trainee surgeons were able to practice leg operations without having to cut anything solid. NASA Scientists have developed a three-dimensional computer simulation of a human leg which surgeons can operate on by entering the computer world of virtual reality. Surgeons use the glove and Eyephone technology to create the illusion that they ar e operating on a leg. Other virtual reality systems such as the Autodesk and the CAVE have also come up with techniques to penetrate a virtual world. The Autodesk uses a simple monitor and is the most basic visual example for virtual reality. An example where this could be used is while exercising. For example, Autodesk may be connected to an exercise bike, you can then look around a graphic world as you pedal through it. If you pedal fast enough, your bike takes off and flies. The CAVE is a new virtual reality interface that engulfs the individual into a room whose walls, ceiling, and floor surround the viewer with virtual space. The illusion is so powerful you won't be able to tell what's real and what's not. Computer engineers seem fascinated by virtual reality because you can not only program a world, but in a sense, inhabit it. Mythic space surrounds the cyborg, embracing him/her with images that seem real but are not. The sole purpose of cyberspace virtual reality technology i s to trick the human senses, to help people believe and uphold an illusion. Virtual reality engineers are space makers, to a certain degree they create space for people to play around in. A space maker sets up a world for an audience to act directly within, and not just so the audience can imagine they

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buy custom The Rise of Fascism essay The Rise of Fascism by F.L Carsten is a compact but highly detailed book that explains much about fascism. The book explores the origins and political development of fascism throughout Europe. The author mainly deals with countries that experienced severe fascism like Germany, Italy, Spain and Austria. The small and insignificant fascist movements in Holland and Norway were omitted by the author since they were short-lived and bore little bearing in the course of the worlds history. Some of these omissions show that the author was not attempting to explain everything about fascism. Carstens main aim was to explain how it was possible for the fascist to be developed and become mass movements that seized power in nations that had strong culture, highly educated and practiced traditional civilized behavior. Fascism is a radical, authoritarian political attitude and mass movement that arose between the First and the Second World War. The expression Fascism is adapted from the Latin word fasces, which refers to an ax tightly wound with sticks. The policy advocates for creation of a totalitarian single-party rule in the country. Fascists seek to flush out forces, ideas, and systems considered being the source of moral corruption and relapse. Fascism seeks to produce the nation's rebirth based on dedication to the national community based on organic unity where individuals are bound together by links of lineage, customs, and blood. Fascists think that a nation needs tough leadership, singular communal identity, and the determination and ability to commit acts of aggression and wage war in order to keep the nation strong. Fascist governments prohibit and restrain disagreement with the state. Fascism entails giving full economic, social and judicial authority to a single dominant ruler. Such a ruler exercises power characterized by terrorism, police brutality and sheer infringement of fundamental human rights. One of the major building points of fascism is the belief that ones race or ethnic group is better than all others are. Fascist nations strongly believe in violence and war. For such states, war and aggression is seen as a means of maintaining national regeneration, spirit and vitality. Conflict is viewed as a fact of life that is dependable for all human progress. Fascists laud militarism as providing constructive renovation in society, in providing spiritual restoration, education, instilling of a will to govern people's character, and promote national solidarity through military service. F.L Carsten observes, There was nothing like fascism before the First World War (9). In fact, fascism as we know it was as a result of this great upheaval (first world war), the resulting destruction and the consequent financial crisis (9). Before the First World War, prosperity and economic progress were the order of the day. Western and central Europe was a haven of peace, and order was established. The security of the governing orders, the economic and social system, and the prosperity of the middle class seemed to be protected for all eternity (9). Most countries in Europe were more concerned in partition and acquisition of colonies in other continents than in changing the local politics. Some strong feelings of nationalism were exhibited in France after the Franco-Prussian war of 1870 and 1871. France lost the war to Germany and consequently, two of its richest coal mining areas; Alsace and Lorraine were taken by the victor. This bitter loss stirred up deep feelings of nationalism and calls for revenge. In the 1880s, a movement formed by General Boulanger marched across the Rhine and attempt to free the lost provinces. This movement was crushed by the government and peace and calm returned. Anti-Semitism then found its way to France. A journal was published to fight the international influence of Jewish financiers. Like in most parts of pre-war Europe, Jews were the strongest and most powerful group economically. Jews were more prosperous than the native tribes were. This lower class versus middle-class bigotry morphed in a murderous rage and animosity. After 1919, the Jews, who made up around one percent of the population, controlled almost half of the economy. More than half of the private banks were Jewish owned. Eighty percent of the countrys press was run by Semites and the stock exchange was dominated by Jewish stockbrokers. Feelings of anti-Semitism brewed deep within the locals blood. Jewish immigrants, such as the Rothschilds had amassed vast fortunes in France: their wealth caused all the evils from which France was suffering (11). Carsten traces the beginning of fascism in France to the formation of Comite dAction Francaise, a movement that sharply attacked parliamentarism and individualism. It elicited strong anti-Semitic emotions and maintained that France must be made as strong as it had once been. Long before 1914, the Action Francaise showed many of the characteristics which later distinguished Fascist movements. Its hatred of liberalism, democracy and the parliamentary system; its glorification of power and violence, which it did not hesitate to use against its enemies, its advocacy of strong leadership, its marked anti-Semitism and anti-freemasonism were features which we shall find time and again among the Fascist groups of the post-war period. The historical origins of the Italian republic are traced in The Rise of Fascism. Carsten reports that after its unification, Italy still remained a desperately poor country. However, there were high spirits and anticipation of better things among the Italians. After Cavours death in 1861, the Italian governments proved weak and inefficient (17). Italy lacked any significant mineral deposits, was mountainous and agriculturally unfit. The Industrial revolution was lagging due to lack of capital investment in the country. The citizens were very illiterate and hugely uninterested in politics. There were few voters and the government was based on poor practices. Still, somewhere in the middle of all this crap, there existed a few individuals who had dreams of great-power politics. Francesco Crispi was among one of the founding Fascists. As Prime minister, he waged war against Ethiopia but lost bitterly. Later, one of his ardent followers, Enrico Corradini, founded a nationalistic journal that ani-socialist, anti-democratic and anti-parliamentarian. The journal denounced the noble society as unheroic, cowardly and pacifist. Corradini lauded and spoke in volumes about the moral values of war and imperialist growth. The spirit of war and aggression would conjure new spirits and lead to rebirth of the nation. In an attempt to achieve such goals, Italy waged war against Libya. Benito Mussolini gained popularity due to his vocal and aggressive opposition of parliamentary procedures and socialist ideologies. Mussolini advocated for the use of force in the class struggle against powerful landowners and the church. The deep love for violence made Mussolini visible among his fellow socialists. Mussolinis glorification of war and strong emphasis on acquisition of colonies made him extremely popular in Italy. Mussolini set up the 'fascio di combattimento' (fascist movement) in 1919. The movement consisted mainly of ex soldiers who were disgruntled with the liberal regime and the result of the First World War. Mussolini began to make assurances that he would reinstate Italy to its past glory. He ran his own tabloid ' Il popolo d'Italia' that was the perfect tool with which to encourage his fascist principles and spread propaganda. The 'fascio di combattimento' movement also used brutality in their quest to convert the nation into the idea of Fascism rather than Socialism. The feeble Liberal government and the fast ascent of Socialism terrified many citizens, thus allowing the budding support for the Fascist movement. From the beginning of the 1920s Mussolini's reputation really began to grow. Furthermore, he was supported by the Roman Catholic Church, and the Italian police. As 1921drew to an end, the Fascists had increased to over 200,000 members. Liberal leaders attempted to make pacts with Mussolini to bring him into government. He refused saying that unless he was appointed as Prime minister of Italy, he would not think about the deal. Mussolini later declared that unless he was made Italys Prime minister, he would compulsorily grab authority. Since the 'fascio di combattimento' had gained such enormous recognition, Mussolini knew they would be able to grab authority. In 1922, they strategized on how to take over the local governments and the ultimate protest on Rome. However, the march was unnecessary as the King asked Mussolini to form a government, partly to prevent the threat of Civil war. Fascism sprouted in Italy as a result of peoples disgruntlement with the product of the First World War. Carsten clarifies that, unlike other countries in Europe, there was little anti-Semitism in Italy. Antisemitism developed in Italy from Germany during and after the Second World War. This weird observation is due to the fact that the Jews in Italy were less wealthy or intellectual than their counterparts in other Nordic countries. (22) In the Rise of Fascism, Carsten analytically compares Germany to her neighbors. Germany had vast coal and mineral deposits and was a country of great military strength. The Industrial revolution took place in Germany at a higher rate than in any other European nation. There was rapid economic progress, especially in the heavy industry, railway industry and in banking (22). Town populations skyrocketed, and industry workers began to unionize in order to fight for better working conditions. Anti-Semitism was discovered as an appealing weapon by radical German politicians like Adolf Stoecker. Emancipation of the German Jews had taken place in the early nineteenth century. The Jews were very active in trading and in the financial sectors of the economy. They had deep roots in the countrys political leadership and in elite professions such as medicine, law and journalism. Stoecker proclaimed that the Jews, through their irreligious power and massive wealth, were trying to convert Berlin to a Jewish town and form an aristocracy. Such statements made the lower class natives feel threatened by the immigrants. Stoecker gained massive popularity after demanding administrative measures from the government to limit the advance of Jews into the fields of education and law. He even requested social protection of the middle class and workers. Violent anti-Semitic demonstrations broke out in regions like Berlin and Dresden. The events that occurred during and after the First World War had a direct bearing on the development of Fascism. Carsten uses the example of Italy to show the origin and development of fascism. This is because Italy had the most clear and comprehensive model of Fascism led by Benito Mussolini. At the beginning of the First World War, Italy chose to remain neutral. The local politics were divided as to whether to support the allies or the entente. Italy continued to delay until they saw it favorable to back the western powers against Germany and Austria. Nationalistic insurgence and agitation grew in the country as many nationalists demanded that Italy should join the war on the side of the allies. This would enable Italy to win back its lost province of Alto Andige. From the beginning of 1922, Fascist rebels transformed their plan from one of attacking socialist agencies and residences of socialist leadership figures to one of aggressively occupying towns. The Fascists encountered diminutive serious struggle from authorities and went ahead to take over numerous cities, including Ferrara, Bologna, Trent, Bolzano, Fiume, and Cremona. Carsten attributes this success due to the fact that, The fascists were supported by the big landowners and industrialists who feared the seizure of their estates and factories. They also received aid from the army_ a factor which came to be of vital importance in bringing about their victory (55). The Fascists seized the command center of communist and Roman Catholic unions in Cremona and forced the German-speaking population of Bolzano and Trent to be taught and converted into Italians. This process was referred to as Italianization. After seizing these cities, the Fascists made plans to take Rome. Come October 24th 1922, the Fascists held their yearly assembly in Naples. Mussolini instructed Blackshirts to be in charge of public houses and trains and to congregate on three specific areas around Rome. A protest would be led by four well-known Fascist leaders representing its different factions: General Emilio De Bono, Italo Balbo, a Blackshirt leader; Cesare Maria De Vecchi, a monarchist Fascist and Michele Bianchi, an ex-syndicalist. Mussolini remainedd in Milan to wait for the results of the proceedings. The Fascists were able to seize power over numerous post offices and trains in northern Italy while the Italian government, led by a left-wing alliance, was internally estranged and not able to react to the Fascist confrontation. The Italian government had been in a constant state of chaos, with multiple governments being formed and then being overpowered. The Italian government initially tried to thwart the Fascists from going inside Rome. However, King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy realized that the peril of violence in Rome in an attempt to disband the Fascists was extremely high. Victor Emmanuel III decided to appoint Mussolini as Prime Minister of Italy. He went to Rome on 30th October to acknowledge the appointment. Fascist propaganda aggrandized this incident, known as "March on Rome", as seizure of authority because of the Fascists valiant missions. Carsten goes as far as to give the historical account of German anti-Semitism in the era of Adolf Hitler and the implications throughout Europe. The most significant factor that elevated the dislike of Semites by Hitler is the belief that they cost Germany victory against its enemies in world war one. "The core of his hatred lies at the defeat of Germany in WWI Hitler blamed the Jews for defeat of the country, the collapse of the monarchy and the ruination of millions" (Riecker 47). On an interview with The Daily Telegraph, Riecker reported that Hitler saw the state 'poisoned' from within. Hitler lived in Munich, where Jews played a leading role in the revolution against the monarchy on Nov. 9, 1918. So suddenly the delusion came to his mind, that the Jews where the reason for the 'inner poisoning' of Germany and that they had stolen the victory from Germany. Hitler accused the Jews for the Russian revolution and said that they were out to promote Marxist theories in Europe. He maintained that Jews were in an elaborate plan to take over the world together with the Marxists. Hitlers derogatory and incisive remarks were the foundation for discrimination and prosecution of nearly six million Jews worldwide. The growing tension and animosity sparked the Second World War. After his ascent to power in 1930s Hitler, turned on Jews and started a nationwide discriminatory campaign against Semites. Hitler aimed at making life for the Jews so unpleasant that they would be forced to emigrate. Jewish shops were boycotted, and Jews were banned from using social amenities such as public parks and swimming pools. On Crystal night, over eight thousand Jewish businesses were torched down, four hundred synagogues destroyed and over twenty thousand Jews placed in concentration camps. This and other subsequent events were the climax of Hitlers animosity against the Jews. More than six million people were killed during this period, in and around countries that surround German y. This came to be known as the Holocaust. The Rise of Fascism is a clear, articulate and comprehensive book. All the relevant facts about the origin and development of the fascist movements are well discussed. There is a smooth and clear flow of events in a chronological manner that further holds the attention of the reader. This is possibly because the book was written with the needs of students and budding historians in mind. The book is an in-depth guide through the fascist struggle. It allows the reader to understand why fascism became such a popular movement and political ideology in Europe after the First World War. The factors that contributed to its popularization are explained in all possible angles. Carsten goes on to show the formation of fascist governments all over Europe and its effects. The governments built on foundations of aggression are analyzed using various yardsticks such as development, law and order, social welfare and national unity. Carstens expertise and knowledge of facts are matched by very few historians. This could be attributed to his background and the extensive years of research, he has undertaken on the subject of fascism. Carsten was born in 1911 and had a first-hand experience of most events, which he talks about in the book. Carsten was a Jew born in the affluent and influential Borns family. They were part of Berlins Jewish aristocracy. Professor Carsten was a distinguished lawyer and economist, but he devoted most of his time to politics in Berlin within the communist fold. Carsten considered himself a Nazi refugee mainly as a result of his work and not his Jewish origin. Vast amounts of information mentioned in the book, especially in Germany, are his personal observations and recollections. He talks about the inter-student political discussion at the time, meetings where Otto Strasser, Adolf Hitler and other nationalists spoke and the general political atmosphere at the time. The writer was cautious not to bring his personal judgment and opinions in the book. The personal recollections are meant to color the readers imagination and present the political atmosphere during the period. The writer achieves these goals and succeeds in maintaining the objectivity and reliability of the book as a historical record. The Rise of Fascism by Professor F.L Carsten was excitedly received by the academic and literary world. The book has been lauded for producing in-depth and objective insights into the origin and development of Fascism. The reviews and critiques by most newspapers and other scholars were all positive as can be attested by the blurb. The review by The Historian says that, Professor Carsten surveys the major and minor European fascist groups which flourished during the world wars including such movements as were active in Romania, Austria, Hungary, Finland, Britain and Belgium. In doing so, he has produces a useful, brief, addition to the growing number of studies on this subject. Foreign Affairs talks about The Rise of Fascism as a short, responsible survey of how Fascism came to power in Italy and Germany, with some valuable comparative data on fascist movements in other European countries. The American Historical Review simply calls it the best scholarly description of European fasci sm available. These favorable reviews shoe that Rise to Fascism is an authority in the field of European fascism and a must-have student companion for any student of History. Buy custom The Rise of Fascism essay

Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words - 2

Business Plan - Essay Example this business plan is the depiction of the strategy and vision of the business and shall form the guide to the development and growth of the business to achieve global success (Nikolai, 2014, 51). The aims of the company include achieving sustainable profitability and meeting customer needs fully to ensure a high satisfaction rate that can only be ensured through coherence in different company elements including marketing, operations, planning, and sales, among others. The coherence in these business elements is to be achieved through the use of the business plan. T.S. Akuma Handcrafted Jewelry store focuses on youth as the primary target market through sales to older community members and the young one sis also a possibility especially for referrals and customized products. The choice of the target market was necessitated by the high preferences for specialty jewelry and customized ones. Offering different color combinations and choices of varied styles to meet their personality and dressing type will form the main service offered by the company to ensure the clients are satisfied with their purchases and that the jewelry bought fit well with their needs and will be very willing to refer others augmenting word of mouth advertising (Chevalier & Mayzlin, 2006, 347). Industry trends favor the establishment of the business owing to the increased preference for jewelry by both the young and the older members of the community. The jewelry stocked at T.S. Akuma Handcrafted Jewelry is affordable yet trendy and are in a position to be worn with official and non-official attire allowing the customers to wear the jewelry on all occasions. These characteristics ensure the success of the business owing to the complementary industry trends. Several objectives are to be achieved with the establishment of T.S. Akuma Handcrafted Jewelry and will be anchored on the successful implementation of the strategies and visions in the business plan. The objectives include: Having